句子插入 - 0112.pptx

句子插入题;按照ETS官方指南上的解析，句子插入题型重点考查英文句子间的逻辑语义关系，即英文中句子与句子是如何衔接在一起的。所以，只要掌握了英语句子间的衔接手法(cohesive devices)，这种问题便可迎刃而解。 　　 　　 　;解题步骤 步骤一：先阅读要插入的句子。从中寻找线索（代词，逻辑词语等） 步骤二：关注插入的句子主语部分，通常要在该插入句子之前得以重复，插入句子的后半部分可能暗示接下来内容 步骤三：注意插入句子的逻辑关系词：转折，递进和因果关系表示结果的词。 ;方法一：指代暗示 1. 代词(Pronouns) 　　具体包括人称代词、指示代词和关系代词等(personal, demonstrative, relative, etc)。如：this, they, it, these, such…在上下句的关联中，代词是最为紧密的一类词。当作者再次谈及上句相关话题时，为了避免重复，遵循语言学的最简单化原理，作者会用代词指代该话题词。;例子一：The Origins of Cetaceans（OG） Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. ■How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? ■Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans. ■Very exciting discoveries have finally allowed scientists to reconstruct the most likely origins of cetaceans. ■In 1979, a team looking for fossils in northern Pakistan found what proved to be the oldest fossil whale. The fossil was officially named Pakicetus in honor of the country where the discovery was made. Pakicetus was found embedded in rocks formed from river deposits that were 52 million years old. The river that formed these deposits was actually not far from an ancient ocean known as the Tethys Sea. 12 This is a question that has puzzled scientists for ages. ;例子三：Desert Formation Paragraph 7: ■The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. ■This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. ■ This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of land susceptible to overgrazing. ;例子四： Artisans and Industrialization Paragraph 1: Before 1815 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans. ■As master craf