复合句种类.doc

句法专题宾语从句 一、定义：宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 We know he likes English 复合句 主 谓v （ 主 谓v 宾） 二、 宾语从句的引导词 1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 例：I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被 省略。 2.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why, when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。 例.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语） 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? （为什么，作状语） 3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语） 3.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句 if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换,但当宾语从句中有....... or not、to do 不定式连用、介词 后以及作主语只能用______ 例;I want to know if/whether she is right . 1)I don’t know______he will come or not. 2)I don’t care of ______ he is handsome. 3)He wondered ______ to stay here the next week. 4)______ he will come is not decided. 三、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句运用陈述句的语序，即是：主语+谓语（疑问词）主语+谓 语............. Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time. 四、宾语从句中时态的变化 1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态可以根据句子的需要使用任何 一种时态。（需要性原则） I hear (that):Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago. 2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种 时态，即主过从过即：主句谓语为过去式时，从句也因变相应的时态 He said he (will go )to hongkong he (is )sick he (be reading ) a book he (have finished ) his home work 注意：如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例 如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. I was told (that) the earth （travel) around the sun. My parents told me (that) no news （be) good news 基础练习 1.She says she (learn?)English for ten years . 2. The teacher told us that the earth (be)round . 3.— did your parents think of your decision? —They always let me do I think I should. 4.—Do you know the man with sunglasses is? —’m not sure. maybe a reporter. 5—Tommy, d