外科营养 英语.ppt

Basic Concept Nutrition the progress of body ingest nourishment and digest it to meet physiological need oneself Nutreint Reasonable Nutrition Enough heart and all nutrition, proportional Increase digestibility Promote appetite No hazardous substance Reasonable meal Clinical Purpose Prevent deficiency disease Prevent some normal disease Raise curative effect Operation support and promote recover Reduce the complication Body elementary structure construction Fundamental unit -- cell Backbone of cell -- protein(amino acids) Construction of celluar membrane -- lipid (lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharide) Cell nuclear – nucleinic acid(purine, pyrimidine,glucidamin) Nutrient substance Saccharide lipide protein Vitamin Inorganic salt Water Heat energy Carbohydrate Fat Protein Effict：Retain body temperature Energy store— ATP GTP CoA Energy consumption Basal metabolism Physical activity Specific dynamic action Growth and development Protein 15% of body weight 、50% of dry cell weight、90% of enzyme Physiology function composition of cellular structure especially physiological function provide energy synthesis nitrogen-containing material Protein Day conversion rate - 3%(250-300g/d) Requied: 1-1.5g/kg/d Heat production：3.9kcal/g Essential amino acid：8 (branched-chain amino acid - 3) Metabolism General metabolism synthesis other protein atabolism carbon chain： CO2, parabiosis nitrogen ： carbamide synthesis other nitrogen-containing substance purine, pyrimidine, theamin, Crea Metabolism nitrogen balance discharge 54mg/kg/d positive nitrogen balance negative nitrogen balance total nitrogen balance Lipide Fat 20-25% of body weight