大学英语三年级下笔译暑假作业.doc

1.与舞蹈和音乐相伴的歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是发端于此。不过歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们的手段，因之也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。我们只能从一些古籍书中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托，能够断定朝代的歌谣要到《诗经》里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为显著。 ? 参考译文： Long?before?the?emergence?of?the?written?word,?ballads,?accompanied?by?music?anddance,and?myths,?passed?around?by?word?of?mouth,?were?widely?popular.?Chinese?literature?findsits?origins?in?these?traditions.?However,?ballads?were?what?people?improvised?out?of?daily?life,?anddue?to?lack?of?means?to?record?and?preserve?them?in?ancient?times,?they?quickly?disappearedwithout?leaving?much?of?a?trace.?Today,?we?can?only?deduce?their?existence?from?ancient?books,which?recorded?some?time-honored?ballads,?though?most?of?these?are?belived?to?be?derivatives?oflater?generations.?Ballads?in?the?Book?of?Songs?are?the?earliest?writings?that?can?be?dated.?From?thispoint?of?view,?ancient?mythology?obviously?has?had?a?great?influence?on?Chinese?literature. 2.长城，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横跨中国北部，全长六千多公里，号称“万里长城”，是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶，是世界伟大的建筑奇迹之一。 中国最早的长城，远在公元前七世纪就已经出现了。公元前221年，秦始皇统一六国后，把秦、赵、燕三国原有长城连接起来，绵延万余里，奠定今天长城的规模，以后历代均有修筑。现存长城，是明代修建的。长城依山势蜿蜒起伏，宛如苍龙凌空飞舞，十分雄伟壮观，是无数中外游人的登临胜地。 参考译文：Starting at Shanhai Pass in the east and ending up at Jiayu Pass in the west, the Great Wall traverses up and down over numerous mountains and valleys in five of China’s northern provinces and two autonomous regions. As it extends over a distance of more than 6000 kms, it is called in Chinese the Wanmlichangcheng which means “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”. It is a symbol of intelligence of the working people of old days, and also one of the great architectural miracles in the world. Construction of the wall first began in the 7th century B.C. after Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty (221—206BC) achieved the unification of China in 221 B.C... He had the fortification walls of the three kingdoms Qin, Zhao and Yan linked up to be a continuous wall extending more than ten thousand li (a li = 1/2 kms), which formed