大学英语三级班 美国文化课件.ppt

 Ⅰ. Parites in the United States Two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. also several minor parties, usually called third parties, who have not won a presidential election since 1864. Minor Parties: Independent Libertarian Constitution Green  The Two main Parties The American Democratic Party The American Republican Party 1. Democratic Party Founded in 1792 by Thomas Jefferson Historically, the party has favored farmers, laborers, labor unions, and religious and ethnic minorities. In the 1930s, the party began advocating welfare spending programs targeted at the poor. “We the people” 2. Republican Party Founded in the 1854 by a group of Whigs辉格党, Free Soilers and Democrats. The name was chosen to show ties with Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party (which evolved into Democratic party under Andrew Jackson,7th president). The key issue at the time was opposition to the spread of slavery into the western territories . Lincoln（林肯），Eisenhower （艾森豪威尔)，Nixon（尼克松)，Bush “we the few” The Steps to the White House Declaring Candidacy Campaigning Primaries and Caucuses for nomination （初选与核心会议） Party conventions 政党大会 5. National Congress announcing presidential nomination （提名） 6. election campaign between the 2 parties 竞选活动 7. the election day大选日:general vote 8. the electoral college vote （选举团投票） 9. presidential inauguration（总统就职） 1. Declaring Candidacy：candidates announcing their plans It marks the start of the official campaign. … a lot of lectures, speeches, discussions… a vote will begin. 2. Campaigning: candidates win support The nomination competition is the first competition . At this time, candidates compete with other candidates of their party, for getting the party nomination. video Candidates’ debate  3. primaries and caucuses for Nomination: To choose the candidate of the party for presidential election The winner is designated the presumptive(推定的)