大学英语修辞学第八章.ppt

Chapter 8Syntactic Figures of Speech (I) 8.1 Repetition反复 One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. (Proverb) 一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。 Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells; Rise up—for you the flag is hung—for you the bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribboned wreathe—for you the shores a-crowding, . . . Word repetition serves following purposes: 1. to knit ideas together; 2. to emphasize an idea; 3. to generate emotional force Immediate repetition repeating without intervals: “very, very big”, “far, far away”, etc. Used to express various emotions Intermittent repetition the repeated parts are separated by words, phrases or sentences. 8.2 Anaphora首语反复 repetition of the same word at the beginning of successive clauses, sentences or verses, commonly in conjunction with climax and with parallelism. 欲治其国者，先齐其家。欲齐其家者，先修其身。欲修其身者，先正其心。欲正其心者，先诚其意。欲诚其意者，先致其知。致知在格物。 Used in proverbs 1) Light come, light go. 2) Love me, love my dog. 3) Harm hatch, harm catch.自酿苦酒自己喝（自作自受）。 4) Out of sight, out of mind. Used in poems Hundreds of stars in the silent sky, Hundreds of shells on the shore together, Hundreds of birds that go singing by, Hundreds of bees on the sunny weather; Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn, Hundreds of lambs in the purple clover, Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn… But only one mother the wide world over. (George Cooper) 8.3 Epiphora尾语反复 the repetition of the same words or phrases at the end of successive clauses. 子张问: “十世可知也？”子曰: “殷因于夏礼，所损益，可知也；周因于殷礼，所损益，可知也；其或继周者，虽百世，可知也。”《论语·为政篇》 1) If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. 2) Othello. I would have her nine years a-killing. A fine woman! a fair woman! a sweet woman!? (Shakespeare: Othello) 奧瑟羅 我要用九年的時間慢慢地磨死她。一個高雅的女人！一個美貌的女人！一個溫柔的女人！ 3) And will you, nill you, I will marry you. (Shakespeare) 4) Sow nothing, reap nothing. 5) Grasp all, lose all. 6) Waste not, want not. 8.4 Simploce首尾语反复 /simplou’si:/ Greek, meaning “interweaving” a combination of anap