大学英语写作句型 修辞 sentences.ppt

Sentences in Writing Four Kinds of Sentences Simple: Independent clause Compound: Independent clause + independent clause Complex: Independent clause + dependent clause Compound-complex: Independent clause + (independent clause + dependent clause) (Independent clause + independent clause) + dependent clause How to combine various types of sentences when writing Loose sentences Periodic sentences Balanced sentences (3) Loose sentence的修辞作用 loose sentence的修辞作用可以用8个字来形容：自然、轻松、流畅、易懂。 (4) Periodic sentence的修辞作用 这种句型最重要的修辞功能在于造成读者心理上的一种期待（anticipation），一种悬念（suspense），因为作者要揭示的重要信息，即读者急于想知道的内容，被推迟至句末，吊足了读者的“胃口”。 Balanced sentences You mistakenly took one bag of rat poison. I thought I could never see you again, but you survive. I just want to nourish you, but I never thought that you can not survive with nutrition. Elements of Effective Sentences Correct sentences alone can not necessarily make good writing. Effective Sentences and paragraphs need the following qualities: 1 Unity 2 Coherence 3 Conciseness 4 Emphasis 5 Variety Unity is regarded as the most important, or the primary quality of an effective sentence. It means that a sentence should express one, and only one complete idea. What it actually does is to make sure that we will follow the following rules: Coherence Sentence coherence means there is a clear and reasonable connection between different parts of a sentence. A. Misused Parallel A man is usually judged not only by what he says, but also by his deeds. It is clear that the writer wanted to apply a parallel structure with his not only...but also..., but he used different structures, i.e., a clause and a noun phrase. If keeps these two parts in the same structure, the sentence would immediately stand out: A man is usually judged not only by what he says, but also by what he does. or A man is usually judged not only by his words, but also by