如何写摘要2008.ppt

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如何写摘要2008

How to Write an Effective Summary the series of steps reread, label and underline write, revise and edit 3 Read carefully 1 2 Read the passage carefully Determine its structure. Identify the author’s purpose in writing. write down a thesis statement which expresses the central idea of the passage Read the article again, underline the major points supporting the Underline key transitional elements which show how parts are connected. Omit specific details, examples, description, and unnecessary explanations. Reread, label and underline Start with a sentence naming the writer and article title and stating the essay’s main idea. Then write your summary, omitting nothing important, eliminating repetition, disregarding minor details, or generalizing them, using as few words as possible to convey the main ideas and striving for overall coherence through appropriate transitions. Conclude with a final statement reflecting the significance of the article -- not from your own point of view but from the writer’s. Write, revise and edit Write Read your summary and check for accuracy. Ask yourself: Does your summary make the same point as the article? Have you omitted anything important? Does your summary read smoothly with all parts clearly related? Keep in mind that a summary should generally be no more than one-fourth the length of the original. Cut out unnecessary words rather than ideas. Then look for non-essential information and delete it. Revise Write, revise and edit Edit Write, revise and edit Correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Write a clean draft and proofread for copying errors. Compare it to the original and ask yourself questions such as: Have I rephrased the author’s words without changing their meaning? Have I restated the main idea and the supporting points accurately and in my own words? If you are asked to write a critical summary or to include a critique, you may want to ask yourself questions such as: Does the author suc

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