学习者个体差异.ppt

Conclusion There is not a clearly defined effect of personality on SLA. Summary Not easy to study, results are not satisfying; Purpose →to see how they affect SLA The relationship between personal and general factors 3. Good language learner features Robin(1975) came up with the seven hypotheses about good language learners: ①The good language learner is a willing and accurate guesser; ②The good language learner has a strong drive to communicate, or to learn from communication. He is willing to do many things to get his message across; ③The good language learner is not inhibited. He is willing to make mistakes in order to learn and to communicate; ④In addition to focusing on communication, the good language learner prepare to attend to form; ⑤The good language learner practices; ⑥The good language learner monitors his own and the speech of others; ⑦The good language learner attends to meaning. He knows that in order to understand the message it is not sufficient to pay attention to the language or the surface form of speech. 4. Learning strategies Language learning strategy is an attempt to develop L2 competence. There are three types of strategies. Cognitive strategy If you look it up in a dictionary Metacognitive strategy If you come across a new word on your reading and feel its meaning is important and you must learn it Social/affective strategy If you ask a roommate about it 4.1 Cognitive strategies Cognitive strategies are directly related to meaning. Such as, resourcing; translation; grouping; elaboration; inferencing; transfer, and so on. 4.2 Metacognitive strategies Metacognitive strategies have to do with managing one’s learning activities. Such as, self-evaluation; self-monitoring. The higher proficiency students are more likely to use metacognitive strategies than the lower-proficiency ones and use them efficiently as well. 4.3 Social/Affective strategies Social/affective strategies hav