名词性从句讲解kevin.docVIP

名词性从句讲解 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 4. 考查whether与if的区别5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。名词性从句成分的划分是根据句子在句中的位置划分的。任何一个句子一旦位于某个成分的位置上，它就成了相应的从句。试分析下列从句属于什么类型的名词性从句。 1 Whether he will come or not is unknown. = It is unknown whether he will come or not. 2 I don’t know whether he will come or not . 3 The question is whether he will come or not . 4 The question whether he will come or not is not settled.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：　　 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）　　 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.（在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语）　　 连接副词：when, where, how, why（在从句中充当状语）1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用,放在句首不能省略但当主语从句位于句尾时可以省略；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。主语从句中主句谓语用单数。例如： 1That anyone becomes successful without the assistance of others is rare. =It is rare (that) anyone becomes successful without the assistance of others 2 Whether it rains or shines makes no difference to proactive people.(不能用if) 3 It depends upon hard work more than luck whether ( if ) you can succeed in making your dream come true. 4 Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps . 5 Whoever neglect learning in his youth loses the past and is dead for the future. 年轻时忽视学业的人失去了过去，更葬送了未来。 6 Whatever you love and trust in this world loves you in return. 7 How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is . 一个人如何掌握命运比他的命运本身更重要。 8 Love is like wine ,friendship a flower ,and blood relationship water. Whether we can own love and friendship is all predestined.爱情是酒，友谊是花，亲情似水。酒醉酒醒，花开花落，皆因一个“缘”字 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。如例 1,2常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句