旅游经济学-民航.ppt

Chapter 7 Airlines Growth of U.S. Domestic Scheduled Airline Service U.S. Federal Regulation of the Airlines 1938-1978, the CAB heavily regulated the U.S. interstate airline industry The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 Congress voted to terminate the CAB and to end its oversight of most aspects of airline behavior The CAB ceased to exit in 1984 Recent Developmtnes in Commercial Aviation The start of 21C , the U.S. airline industry in turmoil by the end of 2005, one-half of the U.S. airline industry in bankruptcy symbol LCC for the airline(low-cost-carrier), refers to the airlines are facing the most intense price competition rising fuel prices as the major threat to the industry How Airlines Create Value--The Scheduled Airlines Business Model Operations Equipment Labor Aircraft Fuel Maintenance Airport Landing and Other Fees Other Operating Expenses Promoting and Selling Airline Tickets 1. Operations Perform major functions: Financing, getting money to buy or lease airplanes Hiring pilots, flight attendants Promoting services to customers Selling tickets Buying fuel Operating flights Maintaining aircraft Other activities 2. Equipment The airlines buy many of their aircraft outright new aircraft from the manufacturers used aircraft from other airlines The airlines lease aircraft form financial services companies 3. Labor It is the largest single category of costs, 30% Many airline employees are covered by union collective bargaining agreements specify wages, benefits specity certain work rules 4. Aircraft Fuel the second highest category of costs Avergage U.S. Domestic Jet Fuel Price per Gallon--1979-2007 5. Airport Landing and Other Fees Rent airport facilities for their aircraft Rent terminal facilities for passenger ticketing, baggage handling, aircraft boarding Pay airport landing fees 6. Other Operating Expenses insurance expenses security costs crew travel many other costs of operating 7. Promoting and Selling Airline Tickets Old promotions: television and p