汉朝历史【英文】.ppt

* * * Section 2 Empires of China and India Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus Han Society Trade and Buddhism Map: The Silk Roads Han Achievements Chinese Society and Culture Reading Focus What features characterized Chinese society in the Han period? How did trade and the spread of Buddhism affect Han society? What were some achievements in art, science, and technology during the Han period? Main Idea The Han dynasty was a time of social change, the growth of trade, and great achievements in the arts and sciences. Chinese Society and Culture China’s Han period was a time of great prosperity, growth and achievement, defining imperial Chinese civilization for years. Confucianism shaped Chinese society Confucius taught that family was central to well-being of the state Officials promoted strong family ties Fathers head of family Filial piety stressed Obedience, devotion to parents, grandparents Family Life Children served parents as they aged, honored dead at household shrines Han officials believed dutiful children made respectful subjects Some men even received government jobs because of respect shown parents Dutiful Children Han Society Women in China Had fewer privileges, less status than men Rarely received education, owned property Sons valued more than daughters Power and Status Older women achieved power because of Confucian respect for elders Ban Zhao, female scholar, writer; helped write history of Han dynasty Called for mutual respect between husbands, wives, education for women Marriage Sons carried on family line Remained part of parents’ household after marriage Daughters married and joined husband’s household Family Life Other Classes Third class composed of artisans, made useful items, luxury goods Merchants occupied fourth class, trade not valued by Confucianism Slaves at bottom of society Military not an official class, but part of government and offered way to rise in status Social Structure Han society highly structured, clearly defined social c