王露 奈达.ppt

EUGENE NIDA CONTENT EUGENE NIDA Nidas Translation Procedure Three Stages of Nidas Translation Nidas View of Language, Culture and Translatability Nidas Translation Theory Contributions of Nidas Translation Theory Limitations of Nidas Theory EUGENE NIDA Eugene Nida is one of the most distinguished contemporary translation theorists and linguists in the west. He is generally recognized as the most influencial one among all the contemporary translation theorists. From 1945 to 1997, he authored and co-authored more than 40 books and 250 articles on linguistics, cultural anthropology, semantics and translation. Nidas theory of translation developed from his practical work of the translation of the Bible. TWO MAJOR WORKS in the 1960s Toward a Science of Translationg, Nida, 1964 The Theory and Practical of Translation, Nida and Taber, 1969 Nidas concept of translation is that Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style (Nida and Tabor 1982:12) Three Stages of Nidas Translation Nidas translation theory can be divided into three stages: descriptive linguistic stage, communicative stage and semiotic stage. 描写语言学阶段(descriptive linguistic stage)：时间从1943年到1959年。这一阶段，他的研究重点是语言的句法现象和词法现象。奈达主要从语言的词法、句法并结合翻译理论阐述语言的本质和语际翻译关系，师徒找出更加科学的语言翻译转换规律。 交际翻译理论阶段(communicative stage)：这一阶段是他的翻译理论形成和确立时期。时间从1959——1969.1964年出版的《翻译科学探索》（Toward a Science of Translating）是奈达翻译思想发展过程中的重要里程碑。这一时期奈达的基本翻译思想可以归纳为四个方面： 奈达认为，翻译不仅是一种艺术，还是一门科学。 把通讯论和信息论用于翻译研究，认为翻译就是交际。这是奈达翻译思想第二阶段的主要标志，也是他整个思想体系中一个最大的特点 动态对等翻观的提出 就翻译过程而言，奈达提倡四步式，即：分析、转语（即转译）、重组和检验 社会符号学阶段(semiotic stage)：在这一阶段，奈达主要研究语义问题。其观点是：不同文化背景的人交际时涉及的主要问题就是语义关系问题。如果语义问题解决了，跨语义交际中的翻译问题也就不难解决了。 Nidas View of Language, Culture and Translatability View of Language As Nida states, he is much more a linguist than a translatologist (Nida 2002:271). He argues that the translator should regard the receptor language as