环境生物技术Chapter 1.pptx

Chapter 1: Environmental Biotechnology for Bioconversion Agricultural and Forestry Wastes into Nutritive Biomass;Outline;Introduction;Biotechnology of mycelia biomass producing through submerged bioconversion of agricultural crop wastes;Biotechnology of mycelia biomass producing through submerged bioconversion of agricultural crop wastes;The main purpose of this research work consists in the application of biotechnology for continuous cultivation of edible and medicinal mushrooms by submerged fermentation in agro-food industry. The continuous cultivation of medicinal mushrooms was applied using the submerged fermentation of natural wastes of agro-food industry, such as different sorts of grain byproducts as well as winery wastes that provided a fast growth as well as high biomass productivity of the investigated strains.;For fungal growing inside the culture vessel of this bioreactor, certain special culture media were prepared by using liquid nutritive broth, having the following composition: 15% cellulose powder, 5% wheat bran, 3% malt extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% peptone, 0.3% powder of natural argillaceous materials. After the steam sterilization at 121°C, 1.1 atm., for 15 min. The submerged fermentation was set up at the following parameters: constant temperature, 23°C; agitation speed, 80-100 rev. min-1; pH level, 5.7–6.0 units; dissolved oxygen tension within the range of 30-70%. After a period of submerged fermentation lasting up to 120 h, small fungal pellets were developed inside the broth.;The experimental model of biotechnological installation, represented by the laboratory scale bioreactor shown in figure 1, was designed to be used in submerged cultivation of the mentioned mushroom species that were grown on substrata made of wastes resulted from the industrial processing of cereals and grapes (Table 1). ;The experimental model of biotechnological installation, represented by the laboratory scale bioreactor shown in figure 1, was designed to be use