生猪饲喂和管理feeding+and+management+of+swine.ppt

Farrowing to Weaning Period Watch closely for scours Treatments with oral drugs work better. Castrate male pigs that will be raised for slaughter Best done when young, before 2 weeks of age is best Do not castrate, vaccinate and wean all in the same period of time as it overstresses the animal. Farrowing to Weaning Period Start pigs on feed as soon as possible. Control diseases and parasites. This program should be tailored to the farm. Weaning Trend towards earlier weaning Earlier weaning requires higher levels of management and nutrition Usually means pigs are weaned before 5 weeks of age Average is between 5 and 8 weeks Pigs should weigh at least 12 pounds at the time of weaning Avoid drafts and great temperature change when weaning pigs Group pigs according to size Groups should be no more than 30 pigs if possible Weaning to Market Most management centers around feeding and facilities Hogs are raised either in confinement or on pasture Confinement Requires more capital investment Hogs gain a little faster Pasture Good pasture can reduce the need for protein supplements Grouping Group hogs in uniform size lots by weight Groups should be no large than 50-75 head Weight range should be no more than 20% above or below the average of the group Hogs should be marketed at about 230 pounds Feed Accounts for 60-65% of the expenses Wasted feed reduces feed efficiency Feed loss can be reduced by Adjusting feeders at least once a week Controlling rodents in feed storage and feeding areas Medicated Early Weaning Can help reduce the incidence of disease Sows are given broad spectrum antibiotics before farrowing and during lactation Pigs are weaned at 10 days of age and moved to a new location Pigs are given broad spectrum antibiotics during the first 5 days after birth Phase feeding is used to feed the pigs Advantages Reduced incidence of disease Research shows an increase of 14% in average daily gain Also shows an increase of 9% in feed efficiency Death loss is reduced