研究生综合英语2,单元7.ppt

Review By Iris When the Olympics roll_ around, Journalists tend to eulogize(称颂)_ the Greek Games as being pure and uncommercial, which is sheer nonsense and the puristss_ modern invention. As far as Homer’s Iliad, Greek athletes cheated with the entire ethic_ based on winning, like taking dives, jumping the gun, or even viciously elbowed_ the rivals, which was difficult in determining the responsible as the Greek athletes were obliged to compete in the nude(裸体)_. The bareness may prevent the athletes to endorse_ the products, but the so-called amateurs may be awarded with prize money, paid by the huge fees for personal appearance or even absolveed(免除) from the taxes. The commercial Olympics were also political. The great athlete may change the citizenship_ enticed by a big sum of money, which happens all the time today with corporate（司空见惯） executives(管理人员)_. The ancient misbehavior climaxed with two rather bizarre anecdotes(轶事)_ of the kings; one poisoned_ the winner who defeated him and the other was declared as the winner in spite of the apparent defeat. When the Games were revived in 1896, all the ancient shenanigans were revived with the added refinements_. When the Greek Spiridon may win the marathon ________, he fortified himself along the road with swigs of sugared wine. By contrast, the American Fred was discovered that he had not gone the entire distance under his own steam just before he was awarded the winner. More ominous(严重的)_ is the fact that distance runner began taking stimulants. Hicks was a pioneer in sustaining himself with small dozes of Strychnine and kept his medal although his physician was not secretive about it. Then in 1908, the Italian Dorando was not so lucky. He nearly died of the Strychnine dose and was disqualified_. Since then, the tragic cases spurred_ the IOC to initiate drug testing. In 1976, Olympic cheating entered the electronic_ Age, when the Russian Boris rewired his sword to light at any time he would deem appropriate. The