章振邦《新编英语语法》Lecture_6课件.ppt

⑹专有名词前带有表示职业的词语或限制性修饰词时，要用the。⑺海洋、江河、海湾、山脉、群岛、沙漠、以复数形式出现的地理名称、带有of词组的岛名，一般要用the。⑻组织、机关、机构、公共建筑、车船等名称前，大多用the。⑼许多报纸、杂志名称前带the。⑽度量衡名称之前常用the。 1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the); the Red Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze River The Great Lakes(五大湖）Lake Erie(伊利湖） 2. 有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the:?Mars,?Venus;? 3.有山无峰：The?Huangshan?Mountains(黄山);Mount?Everest(珠穆朗玛峰）；Mount(or?Mt.)?Tai(泰山）.? 4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，the?earth, the?moon, the?sun用the;?欧洲等七大洲不用the.? Europe,?Africa,?Asia,?North?America. 5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the: the?Indians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball,?basketball? 6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the? The?Constitution(宪法）;?chapter?one? 7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;? The?University?of?Fudan;?Fudan?University 4、何时不用冠词 ⑴ 表示独一无二的身份前一般不用冠词。例如： ①Elizabeth Ⅱ, Queen of England ②They elected Henry chairman. ③Henry was elected chairman of the committee. ④He was elected President for the second time. ⑤She is chairman of the committee. ⑥For the first time I am king of myself. ⑦Elect whom you choose to be king. ⑧Mr. Smith used to be president of our band. ⑵ 表示球类、棋类运动项目时不加冠词。例如：play football, play chess, play tennis⑶ 下列这些限定词彼此排斥，不能同时出现在名词前面：1）冠词：the, an, a； 2）物主形容词：my, your, his, her, our, their；3）指示形容词：this, that, these, those； 4）名词属格：Tom’s, John’s ⑷ the在一些特殊的名词前省略：1）nature：泛指自然界（动、植物及无生命物质的世界）。例如：in natureIf you destroy nature you will suffer for it. 2）society：泛指我们在其中生活的这个社会，一般不用冠词。例如：in societySociety turns people into criminals and then locks them up. 3）space：泛指星球之间的空间时，不用冠词。例如：in spaceMan has just taken his first steps into space. 4）man：泛指整个人类时，不用冠词。例如：①Man can conquer nature. ②From early times man has used garlic (大蒜). Through the years man has tried to cope with (处理) the smell of garlic. But no herb, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help much.③That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for man. 5）history：泛指人类整个历史时，不用冠词。例如：①History may repeat itself.②Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all l