第 9 章 钻井液.doc

第九章 钻井液 单词准备 mud 泥浆 drilling fluid 钻井液 cutting 岩屑 mud chemical 泥浆药品 mud cake 泥饼 mud weight(density) 泥浆重量（密度） viscosity 粘度 filtrate 滤液 water loss 失水 gel initial 初切力 gel strength 静切力 solid control equipment 固控设备 shale shaker 振动筛 desander 除砂器 desilter 除泥器 centrifuge 离心机 screen cloth 筛布 ply 层 mesh （筛布）目 PH 酸碱值 mud pit 泥浆池 MBT=methylene blue test 亚甲基蓝测定法 KCL氯化钾 lime 石灰 SAPP=sodium acid pyrophosphate 粒状焦性磷酸钠 NaOH氢氧化钠，烧碱 mud tank 泥浆罐 mud gun 泥浆枪 trip tank （起下钻）泥浆计量罐 active tank 上水罐，在用罐 intermediate tank 过渡罐 GPM =gallon per minute 加仑/分钟 1 US gallon 美加仑=3.785 liters 升 1 barrel 桶=0.159 cubic meters 立方米 1 SG(比重)X8.33=1 ppg 磅/加仑 阅读练习 Performance of Solid Removal Equipment In RIG 03 Recommendations 固控设备评价和建议 Prepared by Ammar A.Marouf Drilling Fluids Engineer Introduction 引言 The types and quantities of solids present in drilling mud systems determine the fluid density , viscosity , gel strengths , filter cake quality and filtration control , and other chemical and mechanical properties Solids and theirs volumes also influence mud and well costs , including factors such as , rate of penetration , hydraulics , dilution rates , torque and drag , surge and swab pressures , differential sticking , lost circulation , hole stability , and bit balling , these in turn , influence the service life of bits , pumps and other mechanical equipment . 泥浆中固相的含量和种类，直接决定着泥浆的密度、粘度、切力、泥饼质量和失水控制，以及其它化学和机械性能。固相及固相含量也影响着泥浆和钻井的成本。包括：钻速、水力破碎、稀释成本、扭矩和磨阻、激动和抽吸压力、压差卡钻、井漏、井壁稳定、泥包钻头。这些特征相应影响钻头的寿命、泵和机械设备。 Chemicals , clays and weighting materials are added to drilling mud to achieve viarious desirable properties. Drill solids , consisting of rock and low –yielding clays , are incorporated into the mud . These solids affect many mud properties adversely . Nevertheless , since it is not possible to remove all drill solids either mechanically or by other means – They must be considered a continual contaminant of a mud system . 泥浆中加入化学处理剂、粘土和加重材料可以达到满足各种所期望的泥浆性能。钻井岩屑，包括岩石和粘土将分