第五章数据输入.ppt

OhioView / Soils data at the Natural Resources Conservation Service / U.S. Census Bureau / Montana GIS data clearinghouse http://www.nris.state.mt.us/ Greater Yellowstone Area Data Clearinghouse /gyadc/gyadchome.html San Diego Association of Governments http://www.sandag.cog.ca.us/ Clackamas County, Oregion http://www.clackamas.us/gis/ Geography Network / Tele Atlas North America / NAVTEQ / LAND INFO International / FGDC metadata /metadata/geospatial-metadata-standards Spatial Data Transfer Standard /sdts/ National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency / International Steering Committee for Global Mapping /cgi-bin/fswiki/wiki.cgi USGS Geographic Data Download website /geodata/ NAVSTAR /jpo/ GLONASS http://www.glonass-center.ru/ Galileo /comm/dgs/energy_transport/galileo/index_en.htm Northern California Earthquake Data Center / California GIS data clearinghouse /casil/ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Public data in a variety of formats 公共数据表达格式各异 Must be converted to format compatible with your software 必须转换为同你软件相兼容的格式 Data conversion refers to the mechanism for converting GIS data from one format to another. GIS数据转换提供了把GIS数据从一种格式转换到另一种格式的一种机制。 Data conversion includes direct translation and use of neutral format.数据转换包括直接转换和中性格式的直接翻译和使用。 Figure 5.1 The MIF to Shapefile tool in ArcGIS converts a MapInfo file to a shapefile.（ ArcGIS内的MIF到Shapefile 转化工具将MapInfo文件转化为shapefile格式） 5.3.1直接转换：是指在GIS软件包中，用译码器将空间数据的 一种格式直接转换成另一种格式。 Figure 5.2 To accommodate users of different GIS packages, a government agency can translate public data into a neutral format such as SDTS format. Using the translator in the GIS package, the user can convert the public data into the format used in the GIS.（为适应不同GIS软件包的用户，政府机构可把公共数据转换成中性格式（如SDTS格式），用GIS软件包中的译码器，用户可把公共数据转换成所用GIS软件要求的格式。） 5.3.1中性格式：是数据交换的一种公共的或普遍采用的格式。空间数据转 换标准（SDTS）是一种中性格式。 Neutral format approved by FIPS 联邦信息处理标准核准的中间转换格式 Many federal agencies have converted some of their data to SDTS format