第十章 英语长难句的翻译(考点).ppt

第十章 长难句的翻译——拆句法 英语长句翻译主要采用以下几种方法： 一、顺译法 有些英语长句所讲述的内容是按事件或动作发生的时间先后顺序或内在的逻辑关系排列的，与汉语的表达习惯基本一致。翻译时，一般可按原句的顺序译出。如： 例1：I could see that he wanted to say something else, something that he had never said to me before, but then he just turned and walked away. 例2：It is well to remember that books relate only what is known, but there is more that we do not know and could know than we do know. 例3. Most candidates waste a good part of their interview explaining why they want the job; the man or woman on the other side of the desk is waiting to hear why the would-be employee could be good for the position and for the company. 二、逆译法英语中，有些句子的表达顺序与汉语的表达习惯不同，甚至相反，尤其是一些复合句，其主句一般放在句首，即重心在前，而汉语则一般按时间和逻辑顺序，将主要部分放在句尾，形成尾重心。对这些句子，翻译时宜采用逆序法，也就是从后向前译。 例1：Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victim’s family, to put in jail a man, who drove a car while drunk, has injured or killed another person? 例2：Various machine parts can be washed very clean and will be as clean as new ones when they are treated by ultrasonics, no matter how dirty and irregular shaped they may be. 例3：He had flown in just the day before from Georgia where he had spent his vacation basking in Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged on in the South. 例4：There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 例1：The number of the young people in the United States who cannot read is incredible—about one in four. （单词分译） 例2：The ancients tried unsucessfully to explain how a rainbow is formed. 例3：Bad weather prevented us from starting. 例4：His delegation agreed with the Executive Director that the fund should continue working for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic factors. 对于英语的复句或长句，分译法不失为一种行之有效的常用翻译方法。此时，根据汉语意合和短句多的特点，将复句或长句的成分或分句译成两个或两个以上的分句。 例4：Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and ded