大豆品种远缘杂交F1代的杂种优势分析.pdfVIP

第26卷 第6期 大 豆 科 学 VoI．26 NO．6 2007年 12月 SOYBEAN SCIENCE Dec． 2007 大豆品种远缘杂交F 代的杂种优势分析 谢甫绨，丑晓奇，张惠君，王海英 (沈阳农业大学农学院，沈阳110161) 摘要 为探讨大豆品种远缘杂交F 代的杂种优势差异，采用地理纬度相近的中国辽宁省和美国俄 亥俄州新育成亚有限型品种各4个和4个辽宁省2O年代老品种为亲本，配置组成地理远缘和时代 远缘杂交F 代，对F 代主要形态性状、产量性状、生理性状的杂种优势进行了分析。结果表明：大 豆部分形态性状、产量性状、生理性状具有较高的杂种优势，但不同类型杂交组合间差异显著。地 理远缘的亲本间杂交会产生明显的杂种优势，并且地理远缘的亲本间杂交的杂种优势要高于时代 远缘的亲本间杂交，但百粒重、粒茎比、光舍速率这三个性状的杂种优势均以新老品种杂交的高。 关键词 大豆；杂种优势；F1世代 中图分类号 S565．1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1O0O一9841(2007)O6—0857--05 F1 HETER0SIS 0F SOYBEANS CRoSSED FRoM VARIETIES RELEASED IN DIFFERENT GEoGRAPHIC PLACES AND DECADES XIE Fu—ti，CHOU Xiao—qi，ZHANG Hui—jun，WANG Hai-ying (College of Agronomy，Shenyang Agricultural University，Shenyang 110161) Abstract Being a self—pollination plant，there still exist heterosis in soybean．The obj ectives of this research was to explore the differences of F1 heterosis of soybeans crossed from varieties re- leased in different geographic places and decades．12 soybean varieties released in different geo— graphic places and decades were used as parents to make crosses，in which 4 current varieties re- leased in Liaoning，China and 4 released in Ohio，USA，and 4 old varieties released in Liaoning in about 1920s’，F1 heterosis of morphological，yield and physiological traits were evaluated．The re— sults showed that some of the morphological，yield and physiological traits had higher heterosis， but there were obvious differences among different types of cross．The heterosis of crosses which parents released in different geographic places was higher than those of crosses which parents re— leased in different decades．However，the heterosis of 100一grain weight，seed to stem ratio，and photosynthetic rate were higher in the crosses which parents released in different decades． Ke