高拒绝敏感性初中生的心理成长训练 - 沈阳师范大学教育硕士网.doc

3~5岁幼儿选择性信任能力的发展机制 中文摘要 选择性信任能力是个体能够根据对不同信息传达者先前传达信息准确性的判断，在其随后的活动中有选择地相信传达信息准确率高的信息传达者给出的信息的一种社会认知能力。本研究以255名3～53~5岁幼儿选择性信任能力发展的影响作用机制，从而从内因与外因两个角度说明幼儿选择性信任能力的发展机制问题。得出如下结论：(1) 年龄影响幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为，具体表现为随着年龄的增长，幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为显著提高，其发展的起步期是3岁，过渡、转折期是4岁，高峰期是5岁。(2) 信息传达者提供信息的准确率影响幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为与明确判断行为稳定性，具体表现为随着信息传达者提供信息的准确率对比差异性的减小,幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为与明确判断行为稳定性显著降低。(3) 旁观者非言语线索影响幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为与明确判断行为稳定性，具体表现为当旁观者非言语线索与信息传达者提供信息的准确率一致时，幼儿选择性信任能力的认可行为与明确判断行为稳定性明显提高；反之，则明显降低。(4) 年龄与旁观者非言语线索对幼儿选择性信任能力的发展还具有交互影响作用，具体表现为，第一，旁观者非言语线索对3岁幼儿选择性信任能力发展的影响更大，而对4岁和5岁幼儿的影响相对较小；第二，当无旁观者存在时，年龄对幼儿选择性信任能力发展的影响明显；当旁观者非言语线索与信息传达者提供信息的准确率一致时，年龄对幼儿选择性信任能力的发展显现出一定影响；当旁观者非言语线索与信息传达者提供信息的准确率不一致时，年龄对幼儿选择性信任能力发展的影响不明显。 关键词：选择性信任能力，发展机制，年龄，信息传达者提供信息的准确率，旁观者非言语线索，幼儿 The Developmental Mechanism of 3 to 5 Years Old Children’s Selective Trust Ability Abstract Selective trust ability is a kind of social cognitive ability, it makes individual can according to different convey information’s accuracy of informants in prior experimental period, selective trust the informant who convey information with high accuracy in their subsequent activities. The present study took 255 3~5 years old children as research objects, using multivariate causal design pattern, and two context-created observation experiments, exploring the developmental mechanism of 3~5 years old children’s selective trust ability. Based on the analysis of the age of children, informants convey information’s accuracy, as well as bystanders’ non-verbal cues and other factors which can affect children’s selective trust ability, we explain the developmental mechanism of 3~5 years old children’s selective trust ability from two angles of internal and external factors, and reach the following research conclusions: (1) The age of children impact their selective trust ability and mainly affect selective trust ability’s endorsement behavior, with the growth of age, children’s selective trust ability’s endorsement behavior increased significantly, 3 years ol