杭州湾南岸滩涂环境状况及与贝类养殖的关系-生态与农村环境学报.PDF

农村生态环境 2005 ，21（4 ）：33 - 37 Rural Eco-Environment 杭州湾南岸滩涂环境状况及与贝类养殖的关系 王美珍 （慈溪市水产研究所/ 慈溪市水产技术推广中心，浙江 慈溪 315300 ） 摘要：浙江省慈溪市滩涂环境与贝类养殖的调查结果显示，杭州湾海域水中石油类及无机氮含量介于 、 类海 Ⅱ Ⅲ 水水质标准之间，无机磷平均含量超过Ⅳ类海水水质标准。滩涂底质总体上符合海洋沉积物第一类标准，但一些 样点多氯联苯（PCBs ）超标。分离到2 976株细菌，隶属17 个属及肠杆菌科的部分属，具有明显的陆源性特点。发 现浮游生物7 1 种，主要为硅藻类等广盐性种类，大部分为贝类的主要天然饵料。石油类、Cd 、Cr 、Hg 、Cu 及PCBs 残留量在一些贝体内不同程度地超过GB 18421—2001《海洋生物贝类质量标准》。为有效改良和保育滩涂环境， 提高养殖贝类的产量和质量，在揭示滩涂环境与贝类养殖关系的基础上，提出了一些统筹兼顾的措施和建议。 关键词：滩涂；贝类；重金属；石油类；多氯联苯 中图分类号：S93 ；X503. 225 ；X52 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001 - 5906（2005 ）04 - 0033 - 05 Environment and shellfish culturing in shoals along the southern coast of Hangzhou Bay. WANG Mei-zhen （Cixi Fisheries Institute/ Cixi Fisheries Technical Extension Center ，Cixi 315300 ，China ）. Rural Eco-Environment ，2005 ，21（4 ）： 33 - 37 Abstract ：Investigation of this region reveals that the concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and petro-products in the sea water ranged between Grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the standards for sea water quality ；and the concentration of inorganic P was well exceeding Grade Ⅳ of the standards. The quality of the substrate of the shoals fitted well into Grade I of the standards for maritime deposit quality by and large，but PCBs in some sampling sites was found beyond the limit of Grade V. A total of 2 976 strains of bacteria were isolated under 17 genera and some genera of enterobacteriaceae，separately ，showing apparent features of their terrestrial sources. A total of 7 1 species of planktons were collected. Most of them belong to euryhalin Ba- cillariophyta，and may be used as the food for shellfish. The residues of