学生生理实验双语导读.doc

正常机体的机能实验教学双语导读 生理学实验部分双语导读（学生版） 实验一 实验名称 坐骨神经腓肠肌标本的制备 实验性质 基础性实验 实验分组 每室12～16组、每组2～3人 实验学时 2学时 目的要求 通过本实验，学习破坏蟾蜍脑、脊髓的方法及神经肌肉标本的制备。 观察对象 蟾蜍或蛙 实验器材 蛙类解剖器械1套（粗剪刀、眼科剪各1把、大小镊子各1把、探针 (毁髓针)一根、玻璃分针2根）、锌铜弓、大头针、滴管、缝合线、 培养皿、蛙板或瓷板。 实验试剂 任氏液 实验简介 破坏蟾蜍的脑和脊髓，分离制备坐骨神经腓肠肌标本，用以观察研究 神经及肌肉的兴奋性、刺激和反应规律以及肌肉收缩的特征。 重点难点 刺激引起神经和肌肉发生兴奋的机制是重点；用探针彻底捣毁脑和脊 髓、分离坐骨神经为操作难点。 实验报告 根据实验过程，用文字及画图描述标本制作的过程及刺激引起标本的 收缩反应，分析其内在机制。 Teaching Outline of Physiology Basic Experiments Experiment One Experimental Name：Sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle specimen preparation Experimental Feature： Physiology basic experiments Grouping Arrangement of Students：12～～ hours Objective and Requirement： By performing this experiment, you are expected to master methods on damaging the brain and spinal cord in an experimental toad model as well as sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle specimen preparation. Observed Subject： Healthy toad or frog Experimental Instruments： A set of dissecting instrument for toads: large shears, pair of eye scissors, large forceps, small forceps, pithing needle, two glass dissecting needles, zinc-copper bow, pins, dropper, sutures, petri dishes, frogboard or porcelain boards. Experimental Reagents：Rennes solution Brief Description of Content： After damaging the brain and spinal cord and isolating the sciatic nerve, the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle specimen is prepared and used to observe the nerve and muscle excitability, laws of responses to stimulus, and characteristics of muscle contraction. Key and Difficult Points： The underlying mechanism of the excitation of nerve and muscle is the key point. The techniques of damaging the brain and spinal cord completely and isolating the sciatic nerve are relatively difficult in the whole process. Experimental Report： Based on the procedure in experiment, you are asked to describe the process of sample preparation and discuss the underlying mechanisms of excitation of nerve and muscle.