美国首位女性媒体巨子.doc

美国首位女性媒体巨子.txt为什么我们在讲故事的时候总要加上从前？开了一夏的花，终落得粉身碎骨，却还笑着说意义。 11、The First American Woman to be A Media Mogul 　　Katharine Graham, who died on July 17 at 84, was, for many years, arguably1 the most powerful woman in America. She was the first woman to be a true media mogul2, running The Washington Post Company for more than three decades. For several generations of public officials and journalists, she embodied the Washington establishment3. 　　She first gained true fame during the Watergate scandal of the early 1970s, when the Posts reporting helped bring down4 President Nixon. In 1998, her memoir, “ Personal History,” was a No.1 best seller and won the Pulitzer Prize. 　　Just before World War II, she married Philip Graham, a brilliant Harvard Law grad and Supreme Court clerk. Phil, who took over The Washington Post from Katharines father, Eugene Meyer, and began the papers climb to greatness. But Phil Graham was a manic-depressive5, and his flights of greatness were accompanied by terrible lows. When Graham shot himself in 1963, his widow had virtually no confidence in her ability to guide her family company or continue her husbands role as Washington power broker6. 　　She was operating in a world that was still essentially male-dominated. Slowly, hesitantly, not always aware of what she was doing, Mrs. Graham begin to challenge the social order. The custom at fancy dinner parties for many years in Washington and elsewhere was for the ?ladies?to retire after dinner so the men could talk about important matters. At one dinner party given by columnist Joseph Alsop in the 1960s, Mrs. Graham finally, and at first meekly, rebelled. She was irritated at being banished, she later wrote, because she realized she knew more about the subjects the men were discussing than they did. She told her host that she would rather go home and read than join the ladies in the drawing room. Alsop got the message--and an old and condescending custom was cast away. It was not