化裂化的目的和意义（Purpose and significance of cracking）.doc

化裂化的目的和意义（Purpose and significance of cracking） The purpose and significance of catalytic cracking Petroleum refining industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy, and its products are widely used in industries, agriculture, transportation and defense construction. Catalytic cracking (FCC) as the main production equipment of oil refining enterprise, occupies an important position in oil processing, is to realize the crude oil deep processing, improve economic efficiency of light oil yield, quality and effective way to catalytic cracking important processing procedure in the secondary processing of crude oil, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, kerosene and oil production, the main production, diesel oil, means, standing in the refinery has a pivotal position. Traditional raw materials are used to distil the heavy distillate oil obtained from crude distillation, mainly the direct distillation and decompression distillate (VGO), and also the coking heavy distillate (CGO). In the last 20 years, some heavy oil or residual oils have also been used as catalytic cracking materials, such as decompression residuum, solvent deasphalting oil, and heavy oil treated with hydrogenation. Introduction of catalytic cracking process Catalytic cracking process principle is: the reactants (wax, deasphalted oil and residue) at about 500 ℃, 0.2-0.4 MPa, and under the action of contact with the catalyst cracking, isomerization, cyclization, aromatization and hydrogenation, and many other chemical reaction, the reactants to gasoline, light diesel oil, heavy diesel oil, by-product of dry gas, coke, slurry, etc. In theory, the catalyst will not wear out during the reaction process, but it will induce the cracking reaction to generate more high octane hydrocarbon products. Catalytic cracking Chen have considerable flexibility, allowing manufacturing automobile and aviation gasoline and gas oil production change to meet the main part of the fuel oil market was converted into