CHAPTER12代词与修饰词346.docxVIP

CHAPTER 12 代词与修饰词代词其他代词除it, its, they, their, them, this, that, these, those外ThereThere means“in that place”.因此，that经常扮演代词，代指前面提及的一个地方，先行词应该是一个描述地点的介词短语，而不是一个形容词！Wrong：At current prices, Antarctic oil may be worth drilling for, if wells can be dug THERE and environmental concerns addressed.Right：At current prices, oil in Antarctic may be worth drilling for, if wells can be dug THERE and environmental concerns (can be) addressed.此外，我们可以使用there作为一个虚拟的代词，如，there is a cat in a tree or there are roses on my doorstep，这时，不需要先行词。Itself, Themselves, One Another, Each other反身代词itself, themselves能被用作宾语指代该句前面的主语，其他代词做宾语不会被用于指代所在句的主语！Right：After the agreement surfaced, the commission dissolved IT.分析：It一定指代agreement，因为it不能指代commission。Right：After the agreement surfaced, the commission dissolved ITSELF.分析：要想使宾语指代所在句的主语，指定要用主语的反身代词！itself, themselves也能被用于强化名词。Right：The commissionitself was wrong.One another, each other（彼此）用于描述当事人之间的相互作用！不能与themselves互换使用！Wrong：The guests at the party interacted with themselves.Right： The guests at the party interacted with one another.Such and Other/AnotherSuch and Other/Another经常与一个一般性名词结合指代前面的先行词。After the land-use agreement surfaced, the commission decided to subject any SUCH contracts to debate in the future.After the land-use agreement surfaced, the commission decided to subject any OTHER contracts to debate in the future.分析：第一句，the land-use agreement是合同的一种；other and another指同种合同中其他的，尽管意思未必一样？OneOne表示一个不确定的copy或者一个集合中一个单数且不确定的部分。After walking by the chocolates so many times, Roger finally had to eat ONE.分析：事先没有提及要吃哪块特定的巧克力，因此用one；相反，it/they/them指代指代一整个物体或集合中的确定的选择。After walking by the chocolates so many times, Roger finally had to eat THEM.分析：这句意味着吃掉了全部。After walking by the chocolates so many times, Roger finally had to eat ONE.IT was delicious, but HE could eat only half of IT.分析：注意，只有Roger选择了一块巧克力后，我们才能使用确定代词it指代那块特定的巧克力。Do So versus Do ItDo So指代整个动作，包括动词、动词的宾语和动词的修饰成分，so可省略。Quinn did not eat dinner quickly, but her brother DID SO.分析：该句意味着Qu