Issue常用论证方法及常用词汇.doc

Issue常用论证方法 论据法 举例子：个人例子（少用），名人名事。 （1）a varieties of scientist/politicians can be cited to illustrate this point, … （2）while such cases are rare, they do occur occasionally. （3）Paragons, such as A and B, respectively, come immediately to my mind. （4）when telling historical examples involves ... 引用法 引用老话，谚语：as a proverb goes, …, which is to say … 引用名人名言： （1）”Knowledge is power.” Such is a remark of Bacon, one of the greatest famous educators. 话+人+身份 （2）According to a well know scientist X , and I paraphrase, ..., which is to say/this illustrates the point that … 引用数据调查 survey, statistics according to a survey, we can estimate that … 引申法 一个理由说完以后，接着过渡或引申到第二个层面或者理由。 反证法 能使文章在逻辑不变的同时，又能在逻辑层面上进行扩充。 类比法 深入浅出地通过一个通俗的东西引出一个深刻的东西。 By the same token, in like manner, similarly, likewise… 定义解析法 Issue写作常用词汇 全局变量类词汇 ▲show: indicate, reveal, confirm, reflect, demonstrate, convey, imply, illustrate ▲important: vital, crucial, essential, significant, profound, play a key role ▲I think: I guess, I suppose, I assume, I maintain that, I insist that, personally, from the personal perspective, in my eyes, in my view, I am convinced that ▲problem, question: issue, incident, event, occurrence ▲热门的: heated, urgent, burning, pressing, pervasive, rampant, prevalent ▲面临，见证: confront, encounter, witness ▲争议，争论: controversy, debate, contend, dispute ▲难以解决的问题，棘手的问题: intractable, involved, troublesome, tough, stubborn ▲解决方案: solution, approach, recipe, scheme ▲迅速的，有效地: valid, sound, effectual, efficacious, potent 话题型词汇 counterproductive 适得其反的 It is counterproductive to be too enough. Seminal: 萌芽的，潜在的，开创性的，有重大影响的 forgo: 放弃 intuition: 直觉 satisfy: v.证明是正当的，为……寻找理由 resort to ... : 诉诸于…… hinge on …: 以……为转移 lend some credence to …: 提供支持 dimension: n. 大小，体积，范围，面积，程度 amount to: 相当于，等于 inspire: v. 激励，鼓舞 inspiration: 灵感 provide necessary impetus for …: 给予……动力 paradigm: 样式，典范，范例 obscure: v. 使阴暗，使朦胧 nascent: adj. 初生的 irrespective for whether …: 无论如何 draw a distinction between: 区分 catalyst: 催化剂，刺激因素 proviso: 限