脑网络从脑结构到脑功能.PDF

第21卷 第2期 生命科学 Vol. 21, No. 2 2009年4月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Apr., 2009 文章编号 ：1004-0374(2009)02-0181-08 脑网络：从脑结构到脑功能 * 蒋田仔 ，刘　勇，李永辉 (中国科学院自动化研究所，模式识别国家重点实验室，LIAMA 计算医学研究中心，北京 100190) 摘　要：越来越多的证据表面脑连接反映了信息在脑内的处理过程，但是，到目前未知，我们还没有 完全理解脑连接和脑内信息动态处理之间的复杂关系。本文从脑结构到脑功能方面介绍了从不同模态影像 学数据构造脑网络的主要进展。我们首先给出了网络的基本定义，然后分别介绍了利用DTI 构造结构网 络，利用fMRI 构造功能网络的方法。随后，我们探讨了不同的脑疾病(特别是阿尔茨海默病和精神分裂 症）患者脑网络拓扑结构是否发生了异常，最后对本领域未来的研究做了简单的展望。 关键词：弥散张量成像；功能磁共振成像；复杂脑网络 中图分类号：R338.2；R742　　文献标识码：A Brain networks: from anatomy to dynamics JIANG Tian-zi*, LIU Yong, LI Yong-hui (LIAMA Center for Computational Medicine, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China) Abstract: Convergent evidence has shown that the brain’s connectivity influences its information processing, but so far we do not have a real understanding of the relationship between connectivity and the resulting neural dynamics. Modern brain imaging technologies are playing essential role in our understanding of brain informa- tion processing. This paper covers anatomical and functional networks at different scales. We first present the basic concepts of brain networks. Then anatomical brain networks based on DTI and their applications in brain disorders are presented. After that, functional brain networks at rest based on fMRI are discussed in detail. We will also present some new findings on abnormalities of functional connectivity and networks of human brain with neurological and psychiatric diseases, especially Alzheimer’s diseases, Schizophrenia, and so on. Finally, som