中国能源状况要领.doc

中国能源状况(中英文对照) The Promising Future of Chinas New Energy 一、中国的能源状况 中国的能源蕴藏量位居世界前列，同时也是世界第二大能源生产国与消费国。中国远景一次能源资源总储量估计为4万亿吨标准煤。但是，人均能源资源占有量和消费量远低于世界平均水平。中国能源开发利用呈现出以下主要特点。 Ⅰ China’s Energy Condition China leads the world in its energy reservation and is the second largest energy producer and consumer in the world. It is estimated that China has 4000 billion tons of potential primary energy reservation. However, per capita energy resource quantity and consuming quantity is far smaller than the world average level. The main characteristics of China’s energy exploration and utilization are as follows. 一是能源以煤炭为主，可再生资源开发利用程度很低。中国探明的煤炭资源占煤炭、石油、天然气、水能和核能等一次能源总量的90%以上，煤炭在中国能源生产与消费中占支配地位。 1. Coal is the primary energy; exploration and utilization of renewable resources is supplementary. China’s explored reserves of coal resource accounts for over 90% of the primary energy total, such as coal, oil, natural gas, water energy and nuclear energy. Coal is dominant id China’s energy production and consumption. 二是能源消费总量不断增长，能源利用效率较低。随着经济规模的不断扩大，中国的能源消费呈持续上升趋势。受资金、技术、能源价格等因素的影响，中国能源利用效率比发达国家低很多。能源综合利用效率为32%，能源系统总效率为9.3%，只有发达国家的50%左右。 2. Energy consumption volume is increasing while energy utilization efficiency is comparatively low. As the economic scale expands, China’s energy consumption is on the constant increase. Under the influences of capital, technology, energy price, etc, China’s energy utilization efficiency is far lower than that of the developed countries. Energy comprehensive utilization efficiency is 32% and the overall energy systematic efficiency 9.3%. These numbers are only half of the developed country level. 三是随着能源消费量的持续上升，以煤炭为主的能源结构造成城市大气污染，过度消耗生物质能引起生态破坏，生态环境压力越来越大。世界银行认为，中国空气和水污染所造成的经济损失，大体占国内生产总值的3%~8%。 3. With the sustained increase of energy consumption, the coal-dominant energy structure has caused urban air pollution while with the excessive consumption of bio-mass energy giving rise to ecological destruction, the pressure on ecological environment is more