《计算机专业英语》Operating System.pdf

Computer English Chapter 5 Operating System Key points: Key points: Function and structure of Function and structure of Operating System Operating System Difficult points: Difficult points: Resource allocation and Resource allocation and related functions related functions User interface functions Requirements: Requirements: 1. 了解操作系统是如何实现资源分配和用户接口 功能的。 2. 通过学习操作系统功能的演化，认识操作系统 在实现过程中采用的基本概念与技术，了解操作系 统设计中的概念。 3. 认识操作系统的结构，了解当前常见操作系统的 特点 4. 掌握被动语态的翻译技巧。 5.1 OS Function New Words Expressions: OS (Operating System) 操作系统 binding n. 捆绑 mutual interference 相互干扰 interface n.界面，接口 facilitate vt. 推动, 帮助，促进 allocation n.分配, 安置 constraint n.约束, 强制, 局促 criteria n.标准 embody vt.具体表达, 使具体化 entry n. 条目，登录 privilege n.特权；vt.给与...特权 partition vt.分区 approach n. 方法, 途径 a priori 预先,事前 perceive v.感知, 感到, 认识到 preemption n.抢占 suboptimal adj.未达最佳标准的 entrust v.委托 sequential adj. 顺序的,串行的 exclusive use 专用 concurrent adj.并发的, 并行的 de-allocate vt. 释放 scheduling n.调度 salient features 特征, 特色 initiate vt. vi. 开始, 发动 5.1 OS Function OS functions can be classified into •Resource allocation and related functions •User interface functions. The resource allocation function implements resource sharing by the users of a computer system. Basically, it performs binding of a set of resources with a requesting program, that is, it associates resources with a program. The related functions implement protection of users sharing a set of resources against mutual interference. 操作系统的功能可分为: 1. 资源分配及相关功能。 2. 用户接口功能 资源分配功能负责实现计算机系统的用户共