煤矿充填与非充填开采条件下沉陷区耕地土壤质量-中国生态农业学报.DOC

充填与非充填开采条件下煤矿沉陷区耕地土壤质量空间分布规律研究 徐良骥，黄璨1，章如芹1，严家平1，Helmut Meuser2，Lutz Makowsky2 （1.安徽理工大学测绘学院，安徽 淮南 232001；2.University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück Oldenburger Landstrasse 24D~49090 Osnabrück,Germany） 摘 要：为了研究煤矿井下充填开采是否能有效保护地表耕地土壤环境，保持土壤肥力，本文以皖北矿业集团公司五沟煤矿充填开采工作面与非充填开采工作面为实验区，在两个工作面对应上方地表分别划分试验区域和对照区域，进行采样、相关土壤指标检测及结果分析。试验区域(充填开采)包括：地表沉陷区坡脚B1处(点1~点3)、沉陷区坡面B2处(点4~点6)、沉陷区坡顶B3处(点7~点9)；对照区域(非充填开采区域)包括：地表沉陷区坡脚A1处(点1~点3)、沉陷区坡面A2处(点4~点6)、沉陷区坡顶A3处(点7~点9)。每个区域分别在9个采样点内按照0-20 cm、20-40 cm和40-60 cm三个层位分层采样，每个层位各采两个平行样本，两个沉陷区内共计108个样本。实验结果显示，试验地块碱态氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质在三个土壤层的平均含量均高于对照地块。实验观测期间，除3月份B1处小麦株高小于A1处外，5-6月份B2、B3处小麦长势均优于A2、A3处直至收割。试验地块土壤含水量高于对照地块。分析结果表明，充填开采比非充填开采更能保持开采区域上覆土壤的养分和水分。但与正常土壤背景值相比，充填开采区域上覆土壤仍存在某些营养元素(如有机质及磷元素)含量不足的问题。其作为农耕地需要加强人工活动的影响，如增施肥料、加强田间管理等。 关键词：充填开采；非充填开采；煤矿沉陷区；土壤养分；空间分布规律 中图分类号：S158;TD88 Study on spatial distribution regularities of soil quality of the farmlands in coal mining subsided area of backfill mining and without backfill mining Xu Liang-ji1,Huang Can1, Yan Jia-ping1,Zhang Ru-qin1, Helmut Meuser2, Lutz Makowsky2 (1.Faculty of Surveying and Mapping, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001,China; 2.University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück ,Oldenburger Landstrasse 24D~49090 Osnabrück ,Germany) Abstract: Related research results show that underground mining with filling can effectively alleviate the ground surface settlement in mining area. To study coal mine filling will be effective in protecting the surface soil of cultivated land, especially the ability to effectively maintain soil fertility, this article in Northern Anhui mining group v Groove CT101 backfill mining working face of coal mine and CT1013 non-filling mining faces, for example, dividing the test region and the control region in two face above the corresponding surface. Sampling, the related indexes detestation and analysis have been done. as the followed project. Each layer had two samples, which was in totally 6 soil samples. Text area(filling mining are