睡眠状态下正常儿童上气道的电影磁共振研究郑鹤琳蔡金华秦勇.DOC

睡眠状态下正常儿童上气道的电影磁共振 探讨正常儿童睡眠状态下上气道电影MRI形态学表现。 选择2~7岁(中位年龄，4岁)、无睡眠相关性疾病的正常儿童112例行上气道电影MR 序列成像，将上气道分为鼻咽、口咽和喉咽三段，分别评估上气道各段通气状态（分为四种状态—静止开放，动态开放，间断闭合和持续闭合），测量上气道前后径及动度。 112例中，存在一定程度的气道动度占较高比例，喉咽部存在动度50例(44.6%)，鼻咽部存在动度44例(39.3%)，口咽部存在动度8例(7.2%)。喉咽部气道动度为2.5mm±2.2，鼻咽部腔气道动度为2.1mm±0.75，口咽部气道动度为2.8mm±0.35。 MRI电影序列能较准确地测量上气道各段管腔直径并判断有无动度，是一种可用于评估上气道及其相关疾病的理想检查手段。正常儿童睡眠状态下可以存在一定程度的气道动度，气道动度一般小于5mm 磁共振电影成像上气道；阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征儿童 R72; R76; R816 Cine MR Imaging Research On Upper Airway In Children Without Respiratory Symptoms During Sleep ZHENG Helin, CAI Jinhua，QIN Yong，LIU Bo，LI Hao，HUANG Kaiping，LIU Xianfan. Department of Radiology, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China Corresponding author: CAI Jinhua，Tel: Email：cjh710506@ [Abstract] Objective To investigate the manifestation of upper airway on cine MR imaging in children without respiratory symptoms during sleep. Methods One hundred and twelve subjects were recruited from a population of patients from 2 to 7 years (mean age, 4-year-old) who were referred for MR imaging of the brain because of other reasons. A sagittal midline cine MR sequence was performed by using a 1.5 T MR imaging system. The upper airway was segmented as nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx. Motion of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx was characterized as static patent, dynamic patent, intermittent collapse, or static collapsed, and maximal diameter and greatest change in size were measured and calculated. Results In 112 subjects, dynamic motion (dynamic patent or intermittent collapse) was detected in the hypopharynx in 50(44.6%), in the nasopharynx in 44(39.3%), and in the oropharynx in 8（7.2%）. The motion is 2.5mm±2.2 in hypopharynx，2.1mm±in nasopharynx， and 2.8mm± in oropharynx. Conclusion Cine MR imaging can be used as an ideal modality to evaluate and measure the upper airway and sleep-related airway diseases in children. The dynamic motion of the upper airway is commonly encountered