初级经济师辅导资料17（Primary economist guidance materials 17）.doc

初级经济师辅导资料17（Primary economist guidance materials 17） Exchange rate and balance of payments I. foreign exchange and exchange rates (I) foreign exchange 1. (familiar) foreign exchange refers to foreign currency, can be used to repay international debt payments. Foreign exchange is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Narrow sense foreign exchange mainly refers to foreign currency deposits and foreign currency notes in foreign banks. 2. (familiar) the classification of foreign exchange: foreign exchange can be divided into spot foreign exchange and forward foreign exchange according to the delivery period. Spot exchange also known as cash, refers to the foreign exchange transactions on the same day or within two business days for delivery of foreign exchange. Forward foreign exchange, also known as the term remittance, means the foreign exchange contract signed at the agreed exchange rate for delivery at a certain time in the future. 3. (Master) a currency to become a foreign exchange must have three characteristics: the foreign currency (exchange three); the convertibility of the general acceptance. At present, the currencies of the major developed countries, such as the US dollar, the euro, the yen, the Swiss franc, and other regional currencies, include the won, the Singapore dollar and so on. (two) exchange rate (also known as exchange rate) (exchange rate) the exchange rate is the ratio of the exchange of different currencies, that is, the price of another currency in one currency. 1., the exchange rate pricing methods - direct quotation and indirect quotation (1) direct quotation The rate of exchange is expressed as currency in a foreign currency of a certain unit. Most countries in the world adopt the direct quotation, and the RMB exchange rate adopts the direct quotation. Under the direct quotation, the exchange rate value rises and falls in reverse direction with the devaluation of the local currency. If the exchange rate value rises, it shows that forei