英语词汇学1 2.ppt

英语中80％是外来词汇，其中古希腊语和拉丁文占了很大的比例，所以古希腊和古罗马人的言行风俗对英语词汇的影响深远 astrologist 古星象家 古人们通过观测星象来推测人间的吉凶祸福。所以古人们观测星辰的这一动作，就形成了consider考虑。 con-意为together; sider指星星.源于拉丁语“和星星在一起，观测星辰”之意。 flora植物 源自古罗马神话中的花神Flora芙洛拉。她嫁給了西风之神Zephyr，丈夫送给她了一座满是奇花异草的园子。春天时，Flora和Zephyr会手挽手在园子里漫步，他们一路上走过的地方百花齐放。英文单词flower, flour, flourish, floral, florist和美国的Florida州（西班牙语，意为“鲜花盛开的地方”）都与此有关。 Some Interesting Facts eggplant茄子, hamburger, pineapple English muffins(=hot muffns)热松饼，美式早餐/英式午茶糕点) French-fries French window 落地窗 take French leave不辞而别 French grey浅灰色 Sweetmeats ----糖果 Sweetbreads---甜面包？ quicksand流沙 can work slowly. Boxing rings(拳击赛台)are square． If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? Have noses that run and feet that smell? Park on driveways and drive on parkways? driveway: 入户的车道,私人车道;parkway大路，干道 a slim chance= a fat chance希望渺茫 a wise man ≠a wise guy When a house burns up, it burns down. You fill in a form by filling it out. gold bar金条, gold brick金砖;冒牌货,偷懒 When I wind up my watch, I start it, but when 1 wind up this essay, I end it. 如果在夜观天象时人们突然发现，亘古不变的一颗星辰今夜偶有偏移，那叫做星位不正，主大凶。 disaster 前缀dis表否定，而aster的字母组合表示星星 asterisk---“*”号；asteroid ----小行星 disaster即星星不见了，星位不正，---灾难、灾祸。 moon月亮—lunar月亮的 luniform月形的 lunate新月形的 demilune半月 plenilune满月 vis/vid=see 看 visit = vis + it visible visual 视觉的 television 电视 supervise 监视 English Lexicology[,leks? ‘k?l?d??] Name: Feng Hua E-mail: fenghua6056@ Tel: A brief introduction What is language? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. It is a specific social action and a carrier of information. 3 basic elements of English speech sounds grammar vocabulary What is linguistics? Generally speaking, linguistics can be defined as the scientific study of language. To be more exact, linguistics studies the general principles upon which languages are constructed and operate as systems of human communication. What is lexicology? Lexicology is a branch of linguistics