每日英语 诡辩 精品 原创 ,英语兴趣课.ppt

Sophism[‘s?f,?z?m] (诡辩) Producer: Tiger Han New words sophism[‘s?f,?z?m] 诡辩 doctrine [‘d?ktrin]教义、原则 mode [m?ud]方式 reasoning 推理、论证 sophist[‘s?fist] 诡辩家 fallacy [‘f?l?si:]谬误、谬见 deceive [di’si:v]欺诈 advocate [‘?dv?keit]支持者 lad [l?d]少年，小伙子 unfounded countercharges [‘kaunt?t?ɑ:d?] 无理的反驳 auditorium [,?:di’t?:ri?m]观众席 theory of relativity 相对论 establish[is’t?bli?]建立，创建 curse [k?:s]诅咒 hence [hens]所以 objector （反对者） Meaning The doctrine（教义、原则） or mode （方式） of reasoning （推理、论证） practiced by a sophist（诡辩家） ， any fallacy C.（谬误、谬见） designed to deceive. （欺诈） When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true one, then it is properly called a sophism, （诡辩） or a fallacy. The White Horse Dialogue GongsunLong（公孙龙） The ancestor The logic Can it be that a white horse is not a horse?Advocate（支持者） : It can.Objector （反对者） : How?Advocate : “Horse” is that by means of which one names the shape. “White” is that by means of which one names the color. What names the color is not what names the shape. Hence（所以）, I say that a white horse is not a horse. * * What fishes enjoy? Another example involves the widely-known “Happiness of Fish” dialogue in?《Zhuangzi》 Huizi says “You‘re not a fish [子非魚] — how do you know what fishes enjoy（鱼的快乐）?” Zhuangzi replies “You’re not I [子非我], so how do you know that I don‘t know what fishes enjoy?” Huizi says… Zhuangzi replies… Dad and son, who is cleverer ? A: Son is smarter than dad, because everybody knows that the person who established （建立，创建）the theory of relativity （相对论）, Albert Einstein（爱因斯坦）, but not Einsteins dad. B : Instead, this example only proves that dad is smarter than son, because the person who established the theory of relativity is Einstein, not Einstein‘s son. Love is more valuable Boy: “You want this and that, not afraid that people say you are a high-price-girl（高价姑娘）? Girl: “Have you heard people saying: ‘ lif