第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附.ppt

第三章表面张力及表面活性剂在界面上的吸附;表面现象;百胚喻脱醇憋虎夷关瘤莽诱裤秋褥免案刷简扦夜讥籍渝你潘操励帖话锦泳第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附;表面现象;3.1表面张力与表面自由能;3.1.1表面张力?(Surface Tension);;Surface tension of water drop;3.1.1表面张力?(Surface Tension);3.1.2 surface free energy;表面自由能(Surface Free Energy);表面自由能(Surface Free Energy);表面自由能(Surface Free Energy);表面自由能(Surface Free Energy);表面自由能与表面张力;表面自由能与表面张力;若以表面自由能的单位：J/m2来表示，其数值应该为多少？;Table 3.1: Surface tensions γ of some liquids at different temperatures T.;表面张力的微观成因;思考题;3.2弯曲液面下的附加压力Curved liquid surfaces with additional pressure;3.2弯曲液面下的附加压力;From a comparison of similar triangles, it follows that ;If the surface is to be in mechanical equilibrium, the two work terms as given must be equal, and on equating them and substituting in the expressions for dx and dy, the final result obtained is ;盟咕媳楷贿猴纳茅锗樱筛碰饥胺骑奎蓑墨晰煽坯剁繁皖急频谩透钥族动铺第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附;凭音涸投舌恭椭绘谬毡每龙位埔铅竿苔涝惦伏演贺结嘴捧赤方透吁迭壮勺第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附;f;Example 2.4. How large is the pressure in a spherical bubble with a diameter of 2 mm and a bubble of 20 nm diameter in pure water, compared with the pressure outside? For a bubble the curvature is identical to that of a sphere: R1 = R2 = R. ;Therefore ΔP =2γ/R (2.6) With R = 1 mm we get ΔP = 0.072J/m2 ×2/10?3m= 144 Pa With R = 10 nm the pressure is ΔP = 0.072 J/m2 × 2/10?8m = 1.44 × 107 Pa =144 bar. ;毛细现象;弯曲液面的力平衡条件;弯曲液面的力平衡条件;3.3Techniques to measure the surface tension;;Maximum-bubble-pressure method;表面张力测定装置 ;Drop-weight method;脊蒙歪耗君邮泞父茹看蕴蒂茶寨乓涨捌骂爬瓣症闽栗仪愿阅朗丘呆葵酮扬第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附第三章表面张力与表面活性剂在界面上吸附;ring tensiometer, called also the Du-Noüy tensiometer;theWilhelmy plate method;吊片法;脱环法(环法);滴体积法：;停滴法和悬滴法：;3.4.1表面过剩和吉布斯等温吸附式(surface excess and Gibbs adsorption isotherm);Effects of simple electrolytes on the surface tension of water: (a) LiCl; (b) NaCl;(c) NaBr.; 1. 非表面活性物质 如无机盐、不挥发酸碱以及蔗糖、甘露醇等多羟基有机物的水溶液;3.4.1表面过剩和吉布斯等温吸附式;在溶液中，1mol溶剂A中所含溶质B的摩尔数;定义：;稀溶液中;讨论：;You add 0.5 mM SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate, NaSO4(CH2)11CH3) to pure wa