非谓语动词分词讲解与高考练习.doc

分词（分词分为现在分词和过去分词。在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。） 现在分词和过去分词的区别： 在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义； 在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如：falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶 分词的作用 作定语 单个分词作定语，分词前置。如： The sleeping boy is my son. The excited people rushed into the building. He is a retired worker. 分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如： The girl standing under the tree is my niece. The building built last year is our library. 过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如： 1）Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists The first textbook ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A have written B to be written C being written D written 2）What’s the language ______ in Germany? A speaking B spoken C be spoken D to speak 3) Prices of daily goods ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A are bought B bought C been bought D buying. 4) When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A read B reads C to read D reading 作状语 现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。 1)Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. → I any letter from him, I gave him a call.(原因) 2)Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. →If the trees was given, the trees could have grown better.( ) 3)Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend. → I was walking along the street, I ran across my old friend. ( ) 4)Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital → he by a snake, he was taken to hospital．( ) 5)Though defeated, he didn’t lose heart. →Though he , he didn’t lose heart. ( ) 6)He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. → He lay on the grass, and into the sky. ( ) 7)Please answer the question using another way.( ) 8)______ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A