纽马克语义翻译与交际翻译.ppt

Communicative Semantic Translation ——Peter Newmark Main Content Background Communicative Semantic Translation Comments Background Pre-linguistics period of translation Opposition to the monistic theory Linguistics bases Pre-linguistics period of translation Conflict between free and literal translation; No attempt to distinguish types or quality of texts; Strong on theory, but short on method and practical examples; Unaware of each other’s work. The monistic theory of translation “The two concepts (CTST) were formulated in opposition to the monistic theory that translation is basically a means of communication or a manner of addressing one or more persons in the speakers presence; that translation is like language, is purely a social phenomenon.” (Newmark, 2001:62) e.g. Nida: Translating is communicating. Linguistics bases  “Translation theory derives from comparative linguistics, and with linguistics, it is mainly an aspect of semantics; all questions of semantic relate to translation theory” Vygotsky：Inner speech is not the interior aspect of external speech, —it is a function in itself. It is to a large extent thinking in puring meanings.? “Thinking precedes speech and writing.” Communicative and Semantic translation Definition Comparison of CT ST Similarities between CT ST Definition of CT and ST Communicative translation attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original. Semantic translation attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meaning of the original. Semantic Translation VS. Literal Translation Literal translation: the primary senses of the lexical words of the original are translated as though out of context, but the syntactic structures of the target language are respected. The basic difference is that ST respects context, but literal translation does not. Flat “V” diagram Source Language