英语国家概况-美国部分【清晰完整版】.doc

Chapter 13 geography 地理位置 I. Location and size 1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west. Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in America. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。 　　2. The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。 3. Of all states of American, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country. 所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。 II.Topography 1. Mountains (1)The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。（本细节有考“一句话简答题”的可能）(2)The Appalachians are lower than the Rockies because they are older. The Rocky Mountains are younger, so they are higher. (3)The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也叫大陆分水岭。 2. Rivers and lakes Rivers (1)The Mississippi River is the largest river in American, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been called father of waters” or Old Man River 密西西比河是美国最长河流，有被称作“众水之父”或“老人河”。 (2)Missouri river is the chief headstream of the Mississippi River 密苏里河是密西西比河的主要源头。 (3)The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr. As in Germany, the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry. The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials. 　　俄亥俄河被称作美国的鲁尔河，就像德