白腐菌对有机氯杀虫剂林丹的酶促降解特性 - 应用与环境生物学报.doc

非离子表面活性剂强化白腐菌及其粗酶液对有机氯农药的降解* 肖鹏飞** 秦必达 李玉文 (东北林业大学林学院 哈尔滨 150040) 摘 要为利用技术去除环境中的提供依据，Phlebia acanthocystis TMIC34875生长的影响以及对该菌株、胞外及胞内酶降解有机氯农药的强化效果。增溶试验结果表明，三种非离子表面活性剂可明显增加各有机氯农药的水溶解度，其增溶能力大小顺序为Tween 80Tween 20 Triton X-100。Tween 80在低浓度(0.05、0.1 和 0.2 g L-1)下会促进白腐菌在PDB培养基中的生长，使其生物量增加；而高浓度(0.5 和1.0 g L-1)的Tween 80则对菌株的生长产生一定的抑制作用。在0.05~0.5 g L-1浓度范围4,4’-DDT、狄氏剂、艾氏剂和七氯的降解率相比对照分别提高了6.70%、6.37%、10.94%和7.21%。Tween 80同样可促进胞内酶和胞外酶对四种有机氯农药的降解，尤其是对胞外酶降解的强化作用，在1.0 g L-1的Tween 80溶液中，OCPs的降解率提高了10%左右。可见，在农药污染环境的生物修复技术中，应用Tween 80等非离子表面活性剂来提高修复效率是可行的。图2表3参23 关键词表面活性剂；；；； CLC X172 Enhancing Effects of Nonionic Surfactants on Degradation of Organochlorine Pesticides by White Rot Fungus and Its Enzyme XIAO Pengfei** , QIN Bida LI Yuwen (College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China) Abstract There is very limited information on the enhanced biodegradation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) using surfactants. The effects of nonionic surfactants on solubilization of OCPs, growth of white rot fungus Phlebia acanthocystis TMIC34875, and biodegradation of OCPs by fungus, extracellular and intracellular enzyme, were investigated. The results of the solubilization experiment indicated that the solubility of OCPs in water could be greatly enhanced by three nonionic surfactants, and the sequence of solubility enhancing of OCPs is Tween 80 Tween20 Triton X-100. Tween 80 with concentrations of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 g L-1 had positive effects on fungal growth, whereas Tween 80 of high concentration (0.5 and 1.0 g L-1) inhibited the fungal growth in PDB medium. Tween 80 could increase the fungal degradation of OCPs effectively at a concentration range from 0.05 to 0.5 g L-1, and the degradation rate increased as the concentration of tween 80 increased. The highest efficiencies were increased 6.70%、6.37%、10.94% and 7.21% for 4,4’-DDT, dieldrin, aldrin and heptachlor, respectively, compared to the control culture, when the concentration of Tween 80 was 0.5 g L-