Arduino Microcontroller Guide University of （Arduino单片机指南大学）.pdf

Arduino Microcontroller Guide W. Durfee, University of Minnesota ver. oct-2011 Available on-line at /courses/me2011/arduino/ 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use yet powerful single board computer that has gained considerable traction in the hobby and professional market. The Arduino is open-source, which means hardware is reasonably priced and development software is free. This guide is for students in ME 2011, or students anywhere who are confronting the Arduino for the first time. For advanced Arduino users, prowl the web; there are lots of resources. The Arduino project was started in Italy to develop low cost hardware for interaction design. An overview is on the Wikipedia entry for Arduino. The Arduino home page is http://www.arduino.cc/. The Arduino hardware comes in several flavors. In the United States, Sparkfun () is a good source for Arduino hardware. This guide covers the Arduino Uno board (Sparkfun DEV-09950, $29.95), a good choice for students and educators. With the Arduino board, you can write programs and create interface circuits to read switches and other sensors, and to control motors and lights with very little effort. Many of the pictures and drawings in this guide were taken from the documentation on the Arduino site, the place to turn if you need more information. The Arduino section on the ME 2011 web site, /a//me2011/, covers more on interfacing the Arduino to the real world. This is what the Arduino board looks like. 1 The Duemilanove board features an Atmel ATmega328 microcontroller operating at 5 V with 2 Kb of RAM, 32 Kb of flash memory for storing programs and 1 Kb of EEPROM for storing parameters. The clock speed is 16 MHz, which translates to about executing about 300,000 lines of C source code per second. The board has 14 digital I/O pins and 6 analog inp