Learning Earthquake Tip 3 Earthquake Design （学习地震技巧3地震设计）.pdf

Learning Earthquake Design Earthquake Tip 3 and Construction What are Magnitude and Intensity? Terminology released goes into heat and fracturing the rocks, and The point on the fault where slip starts is the Focus only a small fraction of it (fortunately) goes into the or Hypocenter, and the point vertically above this on seismic waves that travel to large distances causing the surface of the Earth is the Epicenter (Figure 1). The shaking of the ground en-route and hence damage to depth of focus from the epicenter, called as Focal Depth, structures. (Did you know? The energy released by a is an important parameter in determining the M6.3 earthquake is equivalent to that released by the damaging potential of an earthquake. Most of the 1945 Atom Bomb dropped on Hiroshima!!) damaging earthquakes have shallow focus with focal Earthquakes are often classified into different depths less than about 70km. Distance from epicenter groups based on their size (Table 1). Annual average to any point of interest is called epicentral distance. number of earthquakes across the Earth in each of these groups is also shown in the table; it indicates that Epicentral Distance on an average one