英汉互译-29.pptx

第二十九讲 ;成语是我们日常生活中非常重要的语言要素。汉语成语结构稳定，绝大部分以四字格形式出现，在翻译中是不可忽视的问题。 ;;哪些汉语成语可以根据其字面意义翻译？哪些只能翻译比喻意义？这完全取决于成语的字面形式和比喻形象能否为译文读者理解和接受。例如“胸有成竹”： Have a bamboo in one’s stomach To have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth. ;1 可以直译的成语;引狼入室 直译：to bring the wolves into the house/fold (羊圈) 意译：to invite disasters “……是些什么人呢？干这引狼入室的勾当！” “…Whoever they are, they are letting the wolf into the fold!” ;调虎离山 直译：to lure the tiger out of the hills 意译：to lure the enemy from his base “……我中了他的调虎离山计啦！” “…I’ve fallen for his luring the tiger out of the hills scheme!” ;如坐针毡 直译：to feel as if sitting on a cushion filled with needles 意译：to feel terribly uneasy 套译：on pins and needles ;;守株待兔 直译：to watch the stump and wait for a hare 意译：to wait for gains without pains (wait for windfalls) 这样他采取守株待兔的态度，还是当他的乡董。 Accordingly, having adopted this attitude of “watching the stump and waiting for a hare”, he continued with his councillorship. ;涸泽而渔 套译：to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 直译：to drain the pond to catch all the fish ;只为工业积累，农业本身积累得太少或者没有积累，涸泽而渔，对于工业发展反而不利。 If agriculture accumulated only for industry and very little or none for itself, that would mean “draining the pond to get all the fish” and would only harm the development of industry. ;2 可以套译的成语;家徒四壁 直译：have nothing but four bare walls in one’s house 套译：as poor as Job 意译：be utterly destitute ;她四面望望空洞的屋子，茫然地笑笑：“真是家徒四壁啊！” （杨沫《青春之歌》） Looking around the empty room, she told herself with a wry smile, “nothing but four bare walls.” ;挥金如土 To throw money about like dirt To spend money like water 掌上明珠 A pearl in the palm The apple of one’s eye The beloved daughter ;3、不能直译的成语;粗枝大叶 To be crude and careless (sloppy) ??孔不入 to be all-pervasive/seize any opportunity 扬眉吐气 To feel proud and elated/ hold one’s head high 纸醉金迷 A life of luxury and dissipation ;End