9welfare state英国福利社会_图文.ppt

The British Welfare System What does welfare mean?What is the welfare state like? Health, comfort and freedom from want a “safety net,” which is designed to help the most vulnerable protection against the unexpected hazards of life (for example, losing a job, becoming sick, having an accident) The welfare state provides education, housing, sustenance, healthcare, pensions, unemployment insurance, sick leave or time off due to injury, etc. Ⅰ.Health and Social Services 1. Britain is regarded as a welfare state. ①The welfare state is a system of government by which the state provides the economic and social security of its citizens through its organization of health services, pensions and other facilities. ②This system is funded out of national insurance contributions and taxation. ③The system applies mainly to the National Health Service (NHS), national insurance and social security. 2. The National Health Service (NHS) ①The National Health Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. ②It was based at first on Acts of Parliament, one for England and Wales passed in 1946 and one forScotland passed Who started the idea? William Beveridge (1879 - 1963) a British economist and social reformer, closely associated with the development of the welfare state. Beveridge Report‘ 1) to establish the National Health Service with free medical treatment for all; 2) to provide social security so that the population would be protected from the cradle to the grave The operation of the welfare state Four main parts: The system of national insurance unemployed, old, sick, etc The national health service free medical care for all Supplementary benefits low income (for basic standard living) Family allowance or children benefit National Insurance Everybody who is working, either for himself or for an employer, is obliged to contribute a fixed amount each week to the national insurance fund