助动词与情态动词课件.ppt

Lecture One;动词的分类;助动词（Auxiliary Verbs);助动词be,have,do的用法;注意：;助动词will,would,shall,should;情态动词（Modal Verbs）;can, could, be able to;can 表能力时＝be able to, 但can 强调一贯的能力，be able to 更强调通过努力可以达到的能力,相当于manage to do sth.或 succeed in doing sth. I can’t swim. But I am sure I will be able to swim through more practice. The fire spread through the hotel, but everyone was able to get out. When the boat sank, he was able to swim to the bank.;may, might;may be与maybe;副词 maybe 可单独用作答语，但 may be 不能这样用。如： A：Do you think he’ll come back? B：Maybe. (Maybe not.) 翻译：你的钢笔可能在你的口袋里。 他可能是个学生。 Your pen may be in your pocket. Maybe your pen is in your pocket. He may be a student. Maybe he is a student.;must, have to;must be + 表语的结构，通常表示猜测，含有“一定”之意。（只用在肯定句中） He must be an honest boy. This must be your room. have to 有第三人称单数和时态的变化。 She/He/It has to... They had to ... They will have to ... have to的否定和疑问形式必须借助于助动词do来构成。 I have to get up early. I dont have to get up so early. Do I have to get up so early?; should, ought to;should的特殊用法 I find it quite astonishing that he should be so rude to you. 我很惊讶他竟然对你如此无礼。 I cant think why she should have done such a thing. 我不明白她为什么竟然做出这样的事。 should常用在从句中表示一种感情色彩，可译为“竟然”。;will和would;;1.John gets upset when he _______ understand a problem. 2.My pen is out of ink. _________ you let me use yours? 3.Youd better take the umbrella with you; it __________ rain. 4.I asked him for the keys, but he _________ give them to me. 5.Her brother died suddenly. She ______ be very sad.;;need;做情态动词, 后接动词原形，没有人称和时态变化一般只用在否定句和疑问句中： sb. neednt do sth.,指“不必......” You neednt wait for me. She neednt write to him. He said she neednt write to him. 疑问句可由need直接构成，不必借助于助动词do. Need she write to him? Need I wait for you? Yes, you must./No, you neednt. 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用neednt.;??断下列句子对错： She need some paper. She needs some paper. Need you any help? Do you need any help? I neednt any help. I dont need any help. You dont need wait for me. You dont n