语言学第四章课件.ppt

Chapter 4;1.What is syntax?;2.What is phrase stucture rule?;3.What is category?How to determine a words category?;4.What is coordinate structure and what properties does it have?;5.What elements does a phrase contain and what role does each element play?;6.What is deep structure and what is surface structure?;7.Indicatte the category of each word in the following sentences.;8.The following phrases include a head, a complement, and in some cases a specifier .Draw the appropriate tree structure for each phrase.;a) rich in minerals.;b) often read detective stories.;c) the argument against the proposals;d) already above the window.;9. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures.;A crippled passenger landed the airplane with extreme caution.;A huge moon hung in the black sky.;The man examined his car carefully yesterday.;A wooden hut near the lake callapsed in the storm;10.The following sentences all contain conjined categories. Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences.; N Infl V Det Adj N P N; N V P Det N C V Adv; N Infl V P N C V P N;11.The following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function as complements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence.; N V C N V N;N V Det N C N V Det Adj N;N v Adj C Det N V N Det N;Det N V P C N V N;12.Each of the following sentences contains a relative clause. Draw the deep structure and the surface structre for each of these sentences.; Det N C Det V V Adj.; N V Det N N N V;Det N N N V V P N;13.The derivations of the followin