经济学原理第5版11-presentation课件.ppt

Public Goods and Common Resources;In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions:;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;A road is which of the four kinds of goods? Hint: The answer depends on whether the road is congested or not, and whether it’s a toll road or not. Consider the different cases.;Rival in consumption? Only if congested. Excludable? Only if a toll road. Four possibilities: Uncongested non-toll road: public good Uncongested toll road: natural monopoly Congested non-toll road: common resource Congested toll road: private good;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;What could the townspeople (or their government) have done to prevent the tragedy? Try to think of two or three options. ;Impose a corrective tax on the use of the land to “internalize the externality.” Regulate use of the land (the “command-and-control” approach). Auction off permits allowing use of the land. Divide the land, sell lots to individual families; each family will have incentive not to overgraze its own land.;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES;CHAPTER SUMMARY;CHAPTER SUMMARY;CHAPTER SUMMARY