从电子脚镀锡铜针中提取锡并直接电解生产阴极铜-有色金属冶炼部分.docVIP

从电子脚镀锡铜针中回收锡和铜 陈亮，王勇，熊振坤，陈斌 （广东清远云铜有色金属有限公司，广东清远 511545) 摘要：介绍了从电子脚镀锡铜针中回收锡铜的工艺研究及生产实践。采用常温碱性电解脱锡，电解液无须加热循环流动，控制电流密度200 A/m2槽电压0.20.4 V，电解液含Sn 8~15 g/L、NaOH 60~120 g/L时，铜、锡的直收率分别达到99.7%和94.5%。脱锡铜针抛光处理直接电解生产符合GB/T467-2010标准中Cu-CATH-1要求的阴极铜，电解条件：装填光亮铜针高出电解液面5 cm以上，电流密度200 A/m2，槽电压0.7 V，电解液Cu 45~50 g/L、H2SO4 150~180 g/L。 关键词：镀锡铜针电解电解阴极铜回收 of Tin and Copper from Electronic Foot Tin Plated Copper Needle CHEN Liang, WANG Yong, XIONG Zhen-kun, CHEN Bin (Guangdong Qingyuan Yunnan Copper Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511545, Guangdong, China) Abstract: The technical study and plant practice of recovery of tin and copper from electronic foot tin plated copper needle were introduced. Tin was separated by alkaline electrolysis at room temperature without heating and electrolyte circulating. The recovery rate of copper and tin is 99.7% and 94.5% respectively under the conditions including current density of 200 A/m2, cell voltage of 0.2~0.4 V, electrolyte composition of Sn of 8~15 g/L and NaOH of 60~120 g/L. Cathode copper according with the requirements of Cu-CATH-1 brand under GB/T467-2010 standards is directly electrolyzed from polished de-tinning copper needle under the electrolysis conditions including copper needle being 5 cm higher than electrolytic liquid level, current density of 200 A/m2, cell voltage of 0.7 V, electrolyte composition of Cu of 45~50 g/L and H2SO4 of 150~180 g/L. Key words: tin plated copper needle; de-tinning with alkaline electrolysis; electrolysis; cathode copper; recovery 近年来，电子及通讯、汽车、电线电缆行业发展迅猛生产过程中镀锡边角废料及可回收的镀锡废料日益增多每年这种废料多达4050万。镀锡废铜料一般含铜91.096.5%、锡1.53.0%。从此类废料回收铜锡有可观的经济效益和显著的社会效益。 目前，镀锡废铜料的回收工艺主要有火法电解法、电化学法和化学法等。火法电解法没有预先回收锡，而是将镀锡废铜料当作一种铜废料，加入铜阳极炉、氧化还原熔炼浇铸成阳极板，经电解精炼生产阴极铜。此工艺因大量的锡进入炉渣而未能实现锡的有效回收，当炉料含锡高时，要将阳极板中的锡除至小于0.2%以满足电解精炼的需要，能耗大，生产成本高。电化学法[1-2]可以不铜基体，并能回收海绵锡，洗涤后熔炼除杂可得到99.9%的锡。化学法[3-5]是将镀锡废铜料置于酸性溶液中，利用硫酸铜或者双氧水等氧化剂分离铜锡，达到回收铜的效果。电化学法和化学法能实现锡的有效回收，但脱锡后的废铜料只能当废杂铜出售或入铜阳极炉火法精炼后再电解精炼，未能形成一条完整的产业链，其潜在的经济效益不能得到实现。本文提出了一条综合回收效率高、经济效益高、且环境友好的镀锡