20100625_151349_整篇作文写作课件.ppt

The whole composition Steps in writing a composition Planning a composition One shouldn’t begin writing a composition without sufficient preparation. When a topic is assigned, one should first try to think of as many relevant facts as he can and write them down on a piece of paper without caring about the form and order of the items. At the same time, he should try to find a proper thesis or theme. The thesis of a composition is its main point or its center idea. It is the conclusion that should be drawn from the facts to be presented in the composition. 2. Types of outlines An outlines subdivides the controlling idea or thesis of the essay into smaller parts, which are then developed into separate paragraghs. There are commonly two types of outlines: the topic outline and the sentence outline. A topic outline consists of nouns and their modifiers, or gerund phrases or infinitive phrases. It is brief and clear, and it gives an instant overview of the entire paper. A sentence outline, on the other hand, consists of complete sentences. It provides a more detailed plan of the paper. The following are a few rules for writing outlines: Avoid single subdivisions. If there is a major point marked “I”, there must be at least another marked “II”; if there is an “A”, there must be a “B”, and so on. Avoid mixing types. A topic outline is written in noun phrases, and a sentence outline in sentences. Do not mix these two types. Use parallel structure for the headings of the same rank. Make sure subheads are of equal importance and are related to the heading and arranged in logical order. Make sure the thesis is a complete declarative sentence in the affirmative; do not use a question, a phrase or a dependent clause. 3. Writing the first draft 4. Revising the first draft This is important but it is often neglected. If possible, one should write the first draft one or two days before the time when he has to hand in the composition to the teacher. When he is writing the firs